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一料多鍛模鍛法如何應(ying)用

文章來源：sjzwx 更(geng)新時間(jian)：2015-06-08 09:37:22

    (1)一(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)多(duo)(duo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)一(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)多(duo)(duo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)可(ke)提(ti)高鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)使(shi)用功能(neng)與經濟性(xing)及鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，但也會增(zeng)大鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)尺(chi)寸(cun)和(he)設(she)備噸位，當鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)尺(chi)寸(cun)和(he)設(she)備噸位不(bu)足時(shi)，則(ze)極易導致成(cheng)形(xing)難和(he)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)低等。調(diao)速(su)錘為單(dan)件重(zhong)量<0．2kg的(de)小(xiao)型模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(見圖1)，零件采用合(he)(he)金(jin)鋼12CrNi3A~高溫(wen)合(he)(he)金(jin)GH4080A兩種材料(liao)，其(qi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)形(xing)方(fang)式具有明顯(xian)差(cha)異。12CrNi3A鋼模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)形(xing)的(de)約束條件少，模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)工(gong)藝(yi)性(xing)較好，適宜一(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)多(duo)(duo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、調(diao)頭(tou)(tou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、連續(xu)多(duo)(duo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)和(he)多(duo)(duo)件合(he)(he)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)等。在一(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)多(duo)(duo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)時(shi)，可(ke)實(shi)現一(yi)料(liao)兩鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)或(huo)料(liao)三鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)；或(huo)在調(diao)頭(tou)(tou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)后再一(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)多(duo)(duo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)時(shi)，可(ke)實(shi)現一(yi)料(liao)四鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)或(huo)一(yi)料(liao)六鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)。高溫(wen)合(he)(he)金(jin)GH4080A模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)形(xing)的(de)約束條件極多(duo)(duo)，如塑性(xing)低、變形(xing)抗力(li)大、粘(zhan)附(fu)力(li)大、對加(jia)熱速(su)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)敏感性(xing)強、鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造(zao)溫(wen)度(du)范圍窄(zhai)、始終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)溫(wen)度(du)要求(qiu)嚴格、導熱率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)低、對應(ying)變速(su)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)和(he)應(ying)力(li)狀態敏感性(xing)強、冷作硬化(hua)傾向(xiang)明顯(xian)、再結晶溫(wen)度(du)高且速(su)度(du)慢(man)、臨(lin)界(jie)變形(xing)程度(du)范圍寬及在加(jia)熱和(he)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)時(shi)不(bu)發生同素(su)異構轉變等不(bu)利因素(su)，模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)工(gong)藝(yi)性(xing)極差(cha)，不(bu)適宜一(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)多(duo)(duo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、調(diao)頭(tou)(tou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、連續(xu)多(duo)(duo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)、復合(he)(he)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)和(he)多(duo)(duo)件合(he)(he)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)等，只適宜一(yi)料(liao)一(yi)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)。

    (2)連(lian)續(xu)多鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)指在(zai)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)套鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)上(shang)將(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)坯(pi)(pi)料分段模(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)≥1件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以后(hou)再用切斷(duan)(duan)模(mo)膛將(jiang)(jiang)該鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)從坯(pi)(pi)料上(shang)切斷(duan)(duan)分離，依(yi)次再鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造和(he)(he)(he)再切斷(duan)(duan)分離以獲得≥3件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種模(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)形方法。連(lian)續(xu)多鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)可充分有(you)效利用鉗(qian)夾頭以節約原(yuan)材料，但(dan)最(zui)后(hou)成(cheng)(cheng)形的(de)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)溫(wen)度較低和(he)(he)(he)不易切斷(duan)(duan)，又(you)會影響鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量、鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造效率和(he)(he)(he)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)使用壽命。銷(xiao)軸(zhou)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(見(jian)圖(tu)2)連(lian)續(xu)多鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)工作過(guo)程為：拔長一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)滾擠一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切斷(duan)(duan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)拔長一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)滾擠一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切斷(duan)(duan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)拔長一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)滾擠一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)，即先(xian)將(jiang)(jiang)坯(pi)(pi)料的(de)第1段依(yi)次拔長、滾擠和(he)(he)(he)終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)，然后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)成(cheng)(cheng)形的(de)第1件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)切斷(duan)(duan)模(mo)膛上(shang)切斷(duan)(duan)；然后(hou)再將(jiang)(jiang)坯(pi)(pi)料的(de)第2段依(yi)次拔長、滾擠和(he)(he)(he)終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)，然后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)成(cheng)(cheng)形的(de)第2件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)切斷(duan)(duan)模(mo)膛上(shang)切斷(duan)(duan)；最(zui)后(hou)再將(jiang)(jiang)剩余坯(pi)(pi)料的(de)第3段依(yi)次拔長、滾擠和(he)(he)(he)終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)。銷(xiao)軸(zhou)連(lian)續(xu)多鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)可實現一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)料三(san)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)，可最(zui)大限度地減小鉗(qian)夾頭體積。

    (3)調(diao)(diao)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)指在同一(yi)(yi)(yi)套鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)上將一(yi)(yi)(yi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)坯料先(xian)(xian)模(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)≥1件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(或先(xian)(xian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)坯料一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen))以(yi)后(hou)(hou)再(zai)將鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前后(hou)(hou)調(diao)(diao)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)再(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)≥1件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(或后(hou)(hou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)坯料另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen))以(yi)獲得≥2(或≥1)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(種)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的一(yi)(yi)(yi)種模(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)方法。調(diao)(diao)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)可(ke)充分(fen)有效利用(yong)鉗夾頭(tou)(tou)(tou)以(yi)節(jie)約原材(cai)料，鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造效率較高(gao)，但鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)坯料在調(diao)(diao)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)后(hou)(hou)的溫度低，對鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)使用(yong)壽命和鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)質量(liang)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)定的影(ying)響。連(lian)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(見圖(tu)3)調(diao)(diao)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)的工(gong)作過程為：拔(ba)長一(yi)(yi)(yi)終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)調(diao)(diao)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)，即先(xian)(xian)將坯料中間部(bu)分(fen)拔(ba)長后(hou)(hou)再(zai)將坯料的一(yi)(yi)(yi)半終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)為1件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，然后(hou)(hou)再(zai)用(yong)鉗子夾住鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前后(hou)(hou)調(diao)(diao)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)將坯料的另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)半終鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)為另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，以(yi)實現一(yi)(yi)(yi)料兩鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)。連(lian)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)調(diao)(diao)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)模(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)可(ke)達到小無鉗夾頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造效率高(gao)、鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)使用(yong)壽命高(gao)及(ji)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)質量(liang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)致性好等效果(guo)。

    (4)復(fu)合(he)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)指將一件(jian)(jian)坯料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在一套(tao)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)上一次性復(fu)合(he)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)形(xing)后以獲得≥2件(jian)(jian)(種(zhong))不(bu)同形(xing)狀、尺寸及性能(neng)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)一種(zhong)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)形(xing)方法。復(fu)合(he)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)可(ke)最大(da)(da)限度地提高鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)利(li)用(yong)(yong)率，具(ju)有“投入(ru)最小化(hua)(hua)、回收利(li)用(yong)(yong)最大(da)(da)化(hua)(hua)、資源能(neng)源使用(yong)(yong)率最大(da)(da)化(hua)(hua)和對環境改變最小化(hua)(hua)”的(de)特點。但大(da)(da)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)與小鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)復(fu)合(he)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)形(xing)的(de)形(xing)狀和尺寸較難匹配。齒輪(lun)(lun)復(fu)合(he)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)形(xing)(見(jian)圖4)的(de)過程為(wei)：將坯料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)1復(fu)合(he)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)為(wei)大(da)(da)齒輪(lun)(lun)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)2、小齒輪(lun)(lun)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)4和螺母墊片鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)5。齒輪(lun)(lun)復(fu)合(he)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)實現了一料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)三鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)，從輸入(ru)到輸出符合(he)循環經濟(ji)“減量化(hua)(hua)、再(zai)利(li)用(yong)(yong)和再(zai)循環”的(de)3R操作原(yuan)則，可(ke)降低(di)原(yuan)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)消耗12％。

    (5)廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)再(zai)(zai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)指(zhi)在模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)≥1件(jian)(jian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)后再(zai)(zai)利用該鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)孔連皮(pi)或鉗夾頭等l件(jian)(jian)廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)再(zai)(zai)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)以(yi)(yi)再(zai)(zai)獲(huo)得≥1件(jian)(jian)(種)不同形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀和(he)尺(chi)寸小鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成形(xing)(xing)(xing)方法(fa)。廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)再(zai)(zai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)可(ke)最大限度地提高齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)利用率，具(ju)有更精、更凈、更省的(de)(de)(de)特點。但再(zai)(zai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)較難與(yu)新鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)牌號、形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀與(yu)尺(chi)寸或體積等相匹(pi)配。齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)再(zai)(zai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(見圖5)過程為：先(xian)將(jiang)(jiang)坯料(liao)(liao)(liao)1模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成形(xing)(xing)(xing)為齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)3和(he)大齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)沖(chong)(chong)孔連皮(pi)2，再(zai)(zai)利用沖(chong)(chong)孔連皮(pi)2廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成形(xing)(xing)(xing)為止(zhi)推墊(dian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)6，最后將(jiang)(jiang)止(zhi)推墊(dian)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)(jian)6的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)孔連皮(pi)5再(zai)(zai)沖(chong)(chong)切(qie)或機加為螺母墊(dian)片8。齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)再(zai)(zai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)實現(xian)了一(yi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)三鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)和(he)大齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)沖(chong)(chong)孔連皮(pi)廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)循環再(zai)(zai)利用，可(ke)降低原材料(liao)(liao)(liao)消耗(hao)12％。

    (6)多件(jian)合(he)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)指用1件(jian)坯料將≥2件(jian)(種(zhong))鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)合(he)為一(yi)(yi)體模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)后再通(tong)過(guo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)切(qie)、鋸(ju)切(qie)或(huo)線切(qie)割等方法切(qie)斷(duan)分離的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)方法。多件(jian)合(he)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)可減(jian)少鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)和(he)(he)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)品(pin)種(zhong)，不同鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)具有(you)相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)材料牌號和(he)(he)批次(ci)，以及相(xiang)(xiang)同或(huo)相(xiang)(xiang)近的(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)學(xue)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。但所(suo)獲(huo)得的(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)在(zai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造與機加工后的(de)(de)(de)總合(he)格品(pin)率不相(xiang)(xiang)同時，每一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)最終數量(liang)(liang)難以做到一(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)對應，還可能(neng)會增(zeng)大鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)尺寸，增(zeng)大模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)設備噸位(wei)以及影響模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)效(xiao)率。396柴油(you)機連(lian)桿鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)為連(lian)桿和(he)(he)連(lian)桿蓋兩件(jian)一(yi)(yi)體合(he)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(見圖6)，采用順序成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)法和(he)(he)反變形(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)法原(yuan)理(li)優化鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)設計，有(you)效(xiao)改善了(le)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)工藝性(xing)(xing)，減(jian)少了(le)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造工序數量(liang)(liang)，降低了(le)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)造能(neng)耗，確保了(le)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)力(li)(li)學(xue)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)和(he)(he)質量(liang)(liang)一(yi)(yi)致性(xing)(xing)好，實現了(le)省力(li)(li)和(he)(he)省時成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(在(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)對打擊(ji)能(neng)量(liang)(liang)較(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)3t模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)錘上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)效(xiao)果(guo)超(chao)過(guo)了(le)在(zai)5t模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)錘上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)效(xiao)果(guo))。